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Leidos Holdings (LDOS): analysis traps
Where its figures could mislead a reader, and what to check before taking them at face value · Data: Q3 2026, to Oct 2, 2026, filed Nov 3, 2026; rules v1.1
Leidos Holdings (LDOS): 1 rule of 10 triggered on the filings to Oct 2, 2026: low P/E at a cyclical peak = undervalued. 1 to review; 1 with insufficient data; 2 not applicable. Each is a question to verify, with the normal explanation that would produce the same figures.
Check these first
Low P/E at a cyclical peak = undervalued Triggered · severity medium · confidence medium
The shares trade at 12.0× this year's net income of $1.4B, but that profit is at a high: the median of the last eight fiscal years is $685M, on which the same market value is 24.8×. A low multiple of peak profit is not a low multiple of normal profit.
Innocent reading: The business has changed for good (a merger, a new line, a pricing regime) and the old years are not its normal.
A precise DCF value = the true value To review · confidence high
The DCF's point value is 180.75 a share (price 135.81); 73% of it is the terminal value, a number about years no one has seen. Moving operating margin by ±3 pts alone takes it from 123.22 to 238.28; across every method the research ran the range is 17 to 872. The value is a range; the decimals are not information.
Innocent reading: A stable, mature business with a narrow range of outcomes, where the point value is a fair summary.
Every rule
A01 FCF growth = the business improved Not triggered confidence medium
Free cash flow rose $339M to $1.6B; working capital and lower capex explain 7% of it, so most of the gain is in operating cash flow itself.
The figures and how they are read
| Fiscal year before | FY2024 |
| Fiscal year | FY2025 |
| Operating cash flow, year before | $1.4B |
| Operating cash flow | $1.8B |
| Capex, year before | $149M |
| Capex | $125M |
| Free cash flow, year before | $1.3B |
| Free cash flow | $1.6B |
| Change in FCF | $339M |
| Change in capex | −$24M |
| Working capital: change in its cash contribution | −$260M |
| Of which: capex cut | $24M |
| Of which: working capital released | 0.00 |
| Share of the increase that need not repeat | +7.1% |
| Operating cash flow before working capital: change | 575000000.00 |
FCF = operating cash flow − cash capex; ΔFCF = ΔOCF − ΔCapEx; the working-capital part is the change in the cash-bridge items (receivables, inventory, payables, accruals), with the sign of the cash flow statement
Source: FY2025 (cash flow statement, fiscal year) · FY2024 (cash flow statement, fiscal year before)
A07 Stock compensation added back = no economic cost Not triggered confidence high
Stock compensation is 0.6% of revenue: small enough that adding it back changes little.
The figures and how they are read
| Fiscal year | FY2025 |
| Stock compensation | $95M |
| Revenue | $17.2B |
| SBC / revenue | +0.5% |
| Buybacks | $400M |
| Buybacks / SBC | 4.2 |
| Diluted shares, year before | 136.0M shares |
| Diluted shares | 130.0M shares |
| Diluted shares: change | -4.4% |
SBC / revenue from the cash flow statement's add-back; the diluted weighted share count year over year; buybacks from the financing section
Source: FY2025 (stock compensation, buybacks and the diluted share count, fiscal year)
B02 Receivables growing = future cash is certain Not triggered confidence medium
Receivables grew -1% against revenue 4% in Q3 2026; DSO 58 against a median of 60: collections are keeping pace with sales.
The figures and how they are read
| Quarter | Q3 2026 |
| Revenue, year over year | +3.6% |
| Receivables, year over year | -0.9% |
| Quarter before | Q2 2026 |
| Revenue y/y, quarter before | +7.2% |
| Receivables y/y, quarter before | +1.8% |
| Days sales outstanding | 58.1 |
| DSO, median of eight quarters | 59.9 |
| Receivables | $2.9B |
| Revenue | $4.6B |
receivables and revenue against the same quarter a year earlier; DSO = receivables / quarterly revenue × days, against the median of the eight quarters before
Source: Q3 2026 (receivables and revenue) · Q3 2025 (the same quarter a year earlier)
B08 Adjusted profit = economic profit Insufficient data
no reconciliation table read from the releases yet and fewer than three quarters with both an adjusted and a GAAP EPS
C02 Low net debt = no refinancing risk Not triggered confidence medium
$20M comes due within a year, 129.4× covered by cash and investments of $630M plus $2.0B of free cash flow.
The figures and how they are read
| Cash and investments | $630M |
| Debt | $6.0B |
| Net debt | $5.4B |
| Due within a year | $20M |
| Read from | the debt maturity table |
| Free cash flow, twelve months | $2.0B |
| Cash plus free cash flow | $2.6B |
| Coverage of what is due | 129.4 |
| Due in the second year | $14M |
| Balance sheet date | 2026-10-02 |
due within a year from the maturity table (else the current portion of debt), against cash and investments plus free cash flow over the last twelve months (zero if negative); no credit lines assumed
Source: FY2025 (debt maturities, cash and investments)
D03 EPS growth = profit growth Not triggered confidence high
EPS rose 16% and net income rose 12% in Q3 2026; the share count fell 3.8%: EPS growth follows profit growth.
The figures and how they are read
| Quarter | Q3 2026 |
| Quarter before | Q3 2025 |
| EPS, year before | $2.82 |
| EPS | $3.28 |
| Net income, year before | $367M |
| Net income | $410M |
| Diluted shares, year before | 130.0M shares |
| Diluted shares | 125.0M shares |
| EPS growth | +16.2% |
| Net income growth | +11.7% |
| Diluted shares: change | -3.9% |
| eps from profit | $0.33 |
| eps from share count | $0.13 |
EPS and net income against the same quarter a year earlier; the EPS bridge attributes the change to profit first, then to the share count (the order is fixed and disclosed)
Source: Q3 2026 (net income, diluted shares, EPS) · Q3 2025 (the same quarter a year earlier)
E02 Low P/E at a cyclical peak = undervalued Triggered severity medium · confidence medium
The shares trade at 12.0× this year's net income of $1.4B, but that profit is at a high: the median of the last eight fiscal years is $685M, on which the same market value is 24.8×. A low multiple of peak profit is not a low multiple of normal profit.
The figures and how they are read
| market value | $17.0B |
| net income ttm | $1.4B |
| pe ttm | 12.00 |
| net income median fy | $685M |
| pe mid cycle | 24.80 |
| net income peak fy | $1.4B |
| years | FY2018 / 581.0; FY2019 / 667.0; FY2020 / 628.0; FY2021 / 753.0; FY2022 / 685.0; FY2023 / 199.0; FY2024 / 1254.0; FY2025 / 1448.0 |
| down years in window | 3 |
P/E on the trailing twelve months' net income against the P/E on the median net income of the last eight fiscal years (a mid-cycle stand-in); 'at a peak' = this year's profit at or above 90% of the best year and at least 1.3× the median
Source: Q3 2026 (net income, trailing twelve months)
What would explain it innocently
- The business has changed for good (a merger, a new line, a pricing regime) and the old years are not its normal
- The market is right that profit will fall, and the price already says so
- Capacity has left the industry, so the cycle's trough is higher than before
What to look for in the filing
- Where the industry's prices and volumes stand against their own history
- Capacity on order across the industry
- Management's view of the cycle in the MD&A
What would show the trap does not apply
- Profit holds at this level through the next two years (the eight-year peak was a new base, not a top)
- The industry's capacity and prices stay where they are rather than reverting
Look again: next filing.
E07 A precise DCF value = the true value To review confidence high
The DCF's point value is 180.75 a share (price 135.81); 73% of it is the terminal value, a number about years no one has seen. Moving operating margin by ±3 pts alone takes it from 123.22 to 238.28; across every method the research ran the range is 17 to 872. The value is a range; the decimals are not information.
The figures and how they are read
| dcf value | 180.75 |
| price | 135.81 |
| terminal value share | +73.0% |
| swing by input | Operating margin / ±3 pts / 123.22 / 238.28; Revenue growth (each year) / ±5 pts / 139.16 / 230.67; WACC / ±1 pt / 147.21 / 229.51; Tax rate / ±5 pts / 167.02 / 194.49 |
| range all methods | 17.38; 871.73 |
the DCF's point value against the share of it that is the terminal value and the value at each input moved by one step (growth ±5 pts, WACC ±1 pt, margin ±3 pts …); the range across every method the research ran
Source: 2026-11-08 (valuation research)
What would explain it innocently
- A stable, mature business with a narrow range of outcomes, where the point value is a fair summary
- The inputs that matter most are themselves well known (a regulated return, a long contract)
What to look for in the filing
- Which input you believe differs from the research's and why
- What the price implies for growth (the reverse DCF on the fair-value page)
What would show the trap does not apply
- The DCF's value is robust to the terminal growth and discount rate (the range's low end is still above the price)
- The company's cash flows over the next three years track the DCF's early years
Look again: next filing.
J06 A bank's low P/E and high profit = safe Not applicable
not a bank
J08 A REIT's low net income = the dividend is unsafe Not applicable
not a REIT
What the statuses mean
Triggered: the filings show the pattern; read the normal explanations and the missing evidence before concluding anything. To review: one quarter or a weak signal; a reader's judgement, not a pattern. Not triggered: the pattern is absent on these figures. Insufficient data: the filings read so far do not hold what the rule needs; this is not a clean bill. Not applicable: the rule is not meant for this kind of company (a bank's working capital, a loss-making quarter's EPS growth). Out of date: the latest filing is more than fifteen months old.
Severity is what the pattern could mean for cash, value or solvency; confidence is how reliable the inputs and the reading are. The two are kept apart.
Record a view
A reader's judgement, grounds, what would change it and the next review; kept in the browser (needs JavaScript).
Every rule and the companies it triggers on → Leidos Holdings: cash flow → Earnings quality score →
Each rule reads the company's own filings by a fixed formula and says what would explain the same figures innocently. A triggered rule is a question to verify, not a finding of manipulation, and not a view on the stock. Missing data is shown as missing, never as clear. Not investment advice.